100 Migraine drugs, A to Z: flunarizine

January 20, 2019

Flunarizine (Sibelium) is a calcium channel blocker approved for the preventive treatment of migraines in most countries, except for the US and Japan. In many countries, flunarizine is considered to be a first-line drug for the prevention of migraines.

It is as effective as propranolol (Inderal), a beta blocker which is approved world-wide for migraine prophylaxis (and hypertension). Flunarizine, 10 mg was found to be more effective than 50 mg of topiramate (Topamax), although the average dose of topiramate for migraines is 100 mg. It can take 6 to 8 weeks before flunarizine becomes effective.

Vestibular migraine is characterized by vertigo which can occur with or without headache and is often difficult to treat. One observational study suggested that flunarizine may improve the attacks of vertigo.

The two most common side effects of flunarizine are drowsiness and weight gain, but can also cause nausea, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and dry mouth. I’ve recommended purchasing flunarizine abroad to a few of my patients who exhausted other options. None have remained on it, either because of side effects or lack of efficacy. Clearly, giving it to the most severely affected patients is not a fair way to evaluate a drug, but I’ve stopped recommending it. This is also because of legal and logistical problems in getting flunarizine from outside the US.

In the US, we do have a different calcium channel blocker, verapamil (Calan). It is not FDA-approved for migraines (only for high blood pressure) and it is not as effective as flunarizine for migraines, but is the first-line drug for the prevention of cluster headaches.

Written by
Alexander Mauskop, MD
Continue reading
September 7, 2025
How Artificial Sweeteners May Be Affecting Your Brain
A large Brazilian study published in Neurology followed nearly 13,000 adults for eight years and found something troubling: people who consumed the most artificial sweeteners showed faster cognitive...
Read article
August 30, 2025
Lithium Levels are low in Alzheimer’s. Is there a role in Migraine and Chronic Pain?
Recently published research on lithium deficiency in Alzheimer’s disease has caught the attention of the media. As a neurologist specializing in pain and headache medicine with an interest in no...
Read article
August 16, 2025
The Healing Power of Holding Hands: Insights from Neuroscience on Pain Relief
There’s something powerful about human touch when you’re hurting. As a neurologist, I see every day how a gentle hand squeeze from someone you trust can shift your pain—not just emotionally, but in...
Read article